高分辨三维成像原位试验机研制进展及应用-中国材料进展

文章信息/Info

Title:: Development and Application of In-Situ Testing Machines Based on High Resolution Three-Dimensional Tomography

Author(s):: YU Yukuang; WU Zhengkai; WU Shengchuan; (State Key Laboratry of Traction Power, Southwest Jiaotong University,Chengdu 610031, China)

Keywords:: synchrotron radiation source; X-ray 3D tomography; in-situ fatigue machine; microstructual damage evolution; fatigue crack initiation

摘要:: 先进材料及结构的损伤表征和在役性能评价是重大装备研发与服役中的关键科学问题。目前，依托同步辐射大科学装置的X射线三维成像技术在金属材料细观损伤力学行为研究方面具有独特优势，而兼容于同步辐射光源相应光束线站的各类原位加载装置对材料内部微结构损伤演化的动态高分辨表征具有重要意义。简要介绍了国内外依托世界各大高性能光源的原位加载试验机研制进展与应用成果，重点阐述了可实现单向拉压、循环加载及具备极寒、高温、真空等样品环境的基于同步辐射X射线成像的原位加载装置的设计原理及结构特点。最后，结合第三代高能X射线三维成像技术特点、先进光源线站建设、高通量试验要求等，对材料原位加载条件下的高时空分辨率动态成像进行了展望，指出开发集拉伸、压缩、低周疲劳、高周疲劳和超高周疲劳加载机构于一体的多功能原位试验机是一项重要的工作。

Abstract:: Damage characterization and in-service performance assessment of advanced materials and structures are the critical scientific issues for manufacturing and operation of the critical equipment. Currently, the synchrotron radiation X-ray three-dimensional (3D) computed micro tomography shows great potential in studying the meso-damage mechanics of metals, and various in-situ loading machines compatibly mounted on the synchrotron radiation beamlines play a significant role in the real-time and high-resolution characterization of the microstructural damage evolution of advanced materials. This paper summaries the development and application of the in-situ loading devices based on the high-energy synchrotron radiation sources. The design principles and structures of insitu loading rigs which allow monotonic or cyclic deformation exposed to low or high temperature and vacuum environments are presented in detail. Finally, it is significant to dynamically image the damage evolution with the high spatio-temporal resolution by a combination of the imaging characteristics of the thirdgeneration synchrotron radiation sources, beamline construction of the advanced synchrotron radiation sources and highthroughput experiments. Particularly, to develop the multifunctional in-situ loading system integrating the uniaxial tensile or compression, low cycle fatigue, high cycle fatigue and super high cycle fatigue is an important work.