[1]王乐耘,朱高明.三维X射线衍射技术与工程材料研究[J].中国材料进展,2021,40(02):081-89.[doi:10.7502/j.issn.1674-3962.202012022]
　WANG Leyun,ZHU Gaoming.Three-Dimensional X-ray Diffraction Technique for the Study of Engineering Materials[J].MATERIALS CHINA,2021,40(02):081-89.[doi:10.7502/j.issn.1674-3962.202012022]
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三维X射线衍射技术与工程材料研究()
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中国材料进展[ISSN:1674-3962/CN:61-1473/TG]

卷:
40
期数:
2021年第02期
页码:
081-89
栏目:
出版日期:
2021-02-28

文章信息/Info

Title:
Three-Dimensional X-ray Diffraction Technique for the Study of Engineering Materials
文章编号:
16743962(2021)02008109
作者:
王乐耘; 朱高明
（上海交通大学材料科学与工程学院 轻合金精密成型国家工程研究中心，上海 200240）
Author(s):
WANG Leyun;  ZHU Gaoming
(National Engineering Research Center of Light Alloy Net Forming，School of Materials Science and Engineering， Shanghai Jiao Tong University，Shanghai 200240，China)
关键词:
同步辐射; 三维X射线衍射; 工程材料; 原位实验; 晶体取向
Keywords:
synchrotron radiation; three-dimensional X-ray diffraction (3DXRD); engineering materials; in-situ experiment; crystal orientation
分类号:
O434.19
DOI:
10.7502/j.issn.1674-3962.202012022
文献标志码:
A
摘要:
第三代同步辐射光源可以产生高能X射线，实现对使役条件下工程材料内部晶体结构的原位无损表征。三维X射线衍射（3DXRD）是一种基于同步辐射技术的新兴表征技术，其采用单色高能硬X射线对多晶材料沿不同方向采集衍射信号，得到材料内部晶粒的晶体取向、空间位置、晶内局部应力张量等信息。当结合原位实验对材料进行3DXRD分析时，可以得到各晶粒状态的动态演化。该技术已经在欧洲的ESRF光源、美国的APS光源、日本的SPring-8光源以及德国的DESY光源等的衍射线站应用并向用户开放。综述了3DXRD技术的基本原理及其在工程材料研究中的应用案例，包括测量材料内部晶粒取向的演化、晶粒尺度应力测量、六方晶系材料变形机制研究、材料失效过程研究、晶体塑性有限元模型的验证等。最后基于3DXRD技术的现状，对其发展方向进行了展望。
Abstract:
The third-generation synchrotron radiation source can generate high-energy X-rays to realize in-situ non-destructive characterization of the internal crystal structure of engineering materials under service conditions. As an emerging characterization technique based on synchrotron radiation, three-dimensional Xray diffraction (3DXRD) technique uses monochromatic high-energy hard X-rays to collect diffraction signals along different directions from polycrystalline materials to obtain the crystal orientation, spatial position, and local stress tensor of the grains inside the material. When the 3DXRD technique is combined with in-situ experiments, the dynamic evolution of the state of each crystal grain can be obtained. This technique has been successfully implemented in synchrotron radiation facilities such as ESRF in Europe, APS in the United States, SPring8 in Japan and DESY in Germany. This article reviews the working principles of 3DXRD and its applications in engineering materials research, including measuring the evolution of grain orientation in materials, measuring grain-scale stress, studying the deformation mechanisms of hexagonal materials, understanding material failure, and verification of crystal plasticity finite element models. Finally, based on the status of 3DXRD, its development direction is envisioned.

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备注/Memo

备注/Memo:
收稿日期：20201217 基金项目：国家自然科学基金面上项目（51671127）第一作者：王乐耘，男，1985年生，研究员，博士生导师， Email:leyunwang@sjtu.edu.cn
更新日期/Last Update: 2021-02-01