[1]郎晴,许元刚,林秋汉,等.全氮多氮含能化合物研究进展与应用前景分析[J].中国材料进展,2022,41(02):098-107.[doi:10.7502/j.issn.1674-3962.202107014]
　LANG Qing,XU Yuangang,LIN Qiuhan,et al.Research Progress and Application Prospects of Total-and Multi-Nitrogen Energetic Compounds[J].MATERIALS CHINA,2022,41(02):098-107.[doi:10.7502/j.issn.1674-3962.202107014]
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全氮多氮含能化合物研究进展与应用前景分析()
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中国材料进展[ISSN:1674-3962/CN:61-1473/TG]

卷:
41
期数:
2022年第02期
页码:
098-107
栏目:
出版日期:
2022-02-28

文章信息/Info

Title:
Research Progress and Application Prospects of Total-and Multi-Nitrogen Energetic Compounds
文章编号:
1674-3962(2022)02-0098-10
作者:
郎晴; 许元刚; 林秋汉; 王鹏程; 陆明
（南京理工大学化学与化工学院，江苏 南京 210094）
Author(s):
LANG Qing;  XU Yuangang;  LIN Qiuhan;  WANG Pengcheng;  LU Ming
（School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China)
关键词:
含能材料; 全氮化合物; 多氮杂环; 五唑阴离子; 高能量密度材料
Keywords:
energetic materials;  total-nitrogen compounds;  multi-nitrogen heterocycle;  cyclo-N5-;  high-energy-density materials
分类号:
TQ560.1
DOI:
10.7502/j.issn.1674-3962.202107014
文献标志码:
A
摘要:
含能材料是用作混合炸药、发射药、推进剂和火工品的高能量组分的化合物，是武器发射、推进和毁伤的能源。为了满足日益增长的先进武器等方面需求，近几十年来，全氮与多氮杂环含能化合物因高氮含量和高生成热成为了研究热点。现代含能化合物不仅应具有更高的能量密度，更要兼顾低感度与良好的热稳定性。全氮化合物由于其独特的分子组成和结构一直备受关注，而五唑阴离子（cycloN5-）的成功合成进一步推动了全氮含能化合物的发展。主要从氮原子簇化合物、离子型全氮化合物、聚合氮3个方面简述了全氮含能化合物的研究进展和存在的主要问题，重点综述了五唑阴离子的合成，以及金属与非金属五唑衍生物的相关研究成果。在多氮含能材料方面，概述了氮含量高于80%的高氮化合物的研究进展，包括二元碳氮共价化合物、二元碳氮阴离子和四唑类含能化合物。并分析了全氮多氮含能化合物未来的研究方向和应用前景。
Abstract:
Energetic materials are used as high-energy components for mixing explosives, propellants and pyrotechnics, and are the energy sources for weapon launch, propulsion and damage. The wide application of energetic materials in the military and civilian fields promotes its continuous development. In order to meet the increasing demand, totalnitrogen and multi-nitrogen heterocyclic energetic compounds have become a research hotspot in recent decades, due to the high nitrogen content and high formation heat. Modern energetic compounds are designed not only in pursuit of excellent detonation performance but also for low sensitivity and good thermal stability. Totalnitrogen compounds have always been noted for their unique molecular composition and structure, and the successful synthesis of pentazole anion (cyclo-N5-) has promoted the development of total-nitrogen energetic compounds. This article briefly describes the research progress and main problems of total-nitrogen energetic compounds from three aspects: poly nitrogen compounds, ionic total-nitrogen compounds, and polymeric nitrogen. Among them, the focus is on the synthesis of pentazole anions, and reported metal and non-metal cyclo-N5- derivatives. Moreover, this article also summarizes the research progress of high-nitrogen compounds with nitrogen content higher than 80%, including binary CN covalent compounds, binary CN anions and tetrazole energetic compounds. Finally, their future research directions and application prospect of total-nitrogen and multi-nitrogen energetic materials are also analyzed.

备注/Memo

备注/Memo:
收稿日期：2021-07-09修回日期：2021-09-01 基金项目：国家自然科学基金资助项目（21975127,21771108）第一作者：郎晴，女，1995年生，博士研究生通讯作者：陆明，男，1963年生，教授，博士生导师， Email:luming@njust.edu.cn
更新日期/Last Update: 2022-01-29