真空抽滤制备CNF/CNT/碳纤维增强体及其复合材料界面性能研究-中国材料进展

文章信息/Info

Title:: Preparation of CNF/CNT/Carbon Fiber Reinforcement by Vacuum Filtration and Its Interfacial Properties of Composites

作者:: 白换换1; 武清1; 叶紫怡1; 徐小建2; 邓昊1; 朱建锋1; （1. 陕西科技大学材料科学与工程学院陕西省无机材料绿色制备与功能化重点实验室，陕西西安 710021）（2. 中国石油天然气股份有限公司长庆油田分公司第三采气厂，陕西西安 710299）

Author(s):: BAI Huanhuan1; WU Qing1; YE Ziyi1; XU Xiaojian2; DENG Hao1; ZHU Jianfeng1; （1. Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Green Preparation and Functionalization for Inorganic Materials, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi’an 710021, China）（2. The Third Gas Production Plant of Changqing Oilfield Company, China National Petroleum Corporation, Xi’an 710299, China）

Keywords:: carbon fiber; polymer-matrix composites; interphase; surface treatments; vacuum filtration

摘要:: 界面是碳纤维/树脂复合材料重要的组成部分，决定着复合材料的综合性能，然而由于碳纤维表面呈化学惰性，显著影响复合材料的界面性能，因此通过对碳纤维表面改性以提高复合材料界面性能成为重要突破口。创新性地采用真空抽滤技术将碳纳米纤维素（carbon nanocellulose fibers, CNFs）和碳纳米管（carbon nanotubes, CNTs）引入圆周型碳纤维表面，制备CNF/CNT/碳纤维多尺度增强体以提高复合材料界面粘结强度。研究表明，采用改性后碳纤维的复合材料界面粘结强度提高了24.1%，主要来自于增强的纤维/树脂间机械咬合和提升的纤维表面能。采用的真空抽滤技术克服了现有改性方法中普遍存在的环境污染、工艺复杂、加工成本高、效率低及降低纤维拉伸性能等缺点，为碳纤维等高性能纤维表面改性和复合材料界面性能提高提供新途径。

Abstract:: The interphase is an important component of carbon fiber/resin composites, which determines the comprehensive properties of composites. However, since the surface of carbon fiber is chemically inert, it significantly reduces the interfacial adhesion of composites. Therefore, it is an essential breakthrough to improve the interfacial adhesion of composites by surface modification of carbon fiber. In this paper, carbon nanocellulose fibers (CNFs) and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) were introduced onto the surface of circumferential carbon fiber by vacuum filtration, the CNF/CNT/carbon fiber multi-scale reinforcement was introduced to improve the interfacial adhesion of composites. The results showed that the interfacial shear strength of composite with CNF/CNT/carbon fibers increases by 24.1%, which is mainly due to the contribution of enhanced mechanical interlocking between modified fibers and resin and improved fiber surface energy. Vacuum filtration adopted in this work overcomes the prevalent problems that exist in other surface modification methods, such as environmental pollution, complex process, high cost, low efficiency and reduction in fiber tensile strength. Our work reveals a new pathway for tuning fiber surface and improving interfacial properties of composites.