调控肿瘤血管微环境的智能纳米药物研究进展-中国材料进展

文章信息/Info

Author(s):: WU Suying; NIE Guangjun; LI Suping; (CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China)

Keywords:: tumor blood vessel microenvironment; nanomedicines; vessel blockade; vessel modulation

摘要:: 肿瘤的生长和转移高度依赖于肿瘤血管，肿瘤血管微环境是肿瘤微环境的重要组成部分。以血管栓塞、血管生成抑制和血管结构破坏为主的肿瘤血管阻断疗法是肿瘤治疗中非常有吸引力的治疗策略。然而，临床数据显示，上述药物由于具有选择性低、耐药性、潜在不良反应等固有缺点，应用受到限制。近年来，纳米技术的发展为克服以上困难带来了希望。另外，肿瘤血管不仅是肿瘤营养物质和氧气的来源，也是药物输送的通道，诱导肿瘤血管正常化或调节肿瘤血管通透性已成为增加药物输送以提高疗效的重要手段。从靶向阻断肿瘤血管血供和肿瘤血管特性调控两个方面综述了血管微环境调控纳米药物的研究进展，总结了纳米药物靶向肿瘤血管的优势，并对未来调控血管微环境的智能纳米药物发展方向提出了展望。

Abstract:: Tumor growth and metastasis is highly dependent on tumor blood vessels, and tumor blood vessel system is an important component of tumor microenvironment. Tumor vasculature blockade therapy, which mainly consists of angiogenesis inhibition, vascular disruption and vascular infarction, is an attractive therapeutic strategy for tumor treatment. However, its clinical application is limited due to low selectivity, drug resistance and harsh side effects. Development of nanocarriers for drug delivery in recent years provides possibility to avoid these problems. Besides, because of the importance of tumor blood vessels in drug delivery, the vascular permeability regulation or vasculature normalization has become an important paradigm to improve intratumoral delivery and penetration of the drugs as well as subsequent antitumor efficacy. Herein, we summarize the advances of nanoparticle-mediated vessel blockade in tumor treatment and highlight the advantages of nanomedicines in tumor vessel targeted therapy. We also review the progress on tumor vascular modulation by nanodrugs to enhance drug accumulation, and propose the potential research direction of nanomedicines in tumor vessels-based therapy.