热电性能测量方法-中国材料进展

文章信息/Info

Author(s):: ZHENG Xin; HAN Shen; GAO Ziheng; FU Chenguang; ZHU Tiejun; (State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China)

Keywords:: thermoelectric materials; properties measurement; Seebeck coefficient; electrical conductivity; thermal conductivity

摘要:: 在能源危机和碳中和环保主题的大背景下，可实现温差发电和固态制冷应用的半导体热电材料受到越来越广泛的关注。目前已有热电材料实现了商业化应用，但器件的转化效率仍不够理想。高转化效率器件的开发亟需高热电优值的材料作为支撑，热电材料的性能若得到一定程度的提升可带来极大的商业化影响，因此准确表征材料的热电性能对于开发新型高效热电材料并促进热电器件广泛应用至关重要。考虑到热电研究涉及多项基础物性参数，且热电表征的原理和手段复杂多样，分别讨论了几种不同温区范围内热电性能的表征手段，结合实例就宽温区Seebeck系数、电导率、热导率等的测量原理、操作注意事项及数据误差甄别方法等进行了详细介绍，为进行准确可重复的热电性能测试、获得高质量的实验数据提供参考。

Abstract:: Under the background of the energy crisis and the theme of carbon neutrality and environmental protection, thermoelectric (TE) materials, which can realize TE power generation and solid-state refrigeration applications, have attracted increasing research attention. TE materials have been commercialized during the past decades, while the conversion efficiency of TE devices, determined by the figure of merit zT of TE materials, is not ideal. The improvement in the TE performance of materials could have a positive impact on commercialization. Therefore, accurate characterization of TE properties is crucial for the development of TE materials and device applications. Considering the multiplicity of basic physical parameters and the diversity of measurement methods, here we discuss several characterization means of TE performance in the wide temperature ranges, and introduce in detail the measurement principles, operation precautions, and data error in the measurements of Seebeck coefficient, electrical conductivity, and thermal conductivity, hoping for offering some useful references for researchers to carry out accurate and repeatable TE property measurement to obtain high-quality experimental data.