[1]李旭东,陆占清,裴启飞,等.高纯锌的制备及应用研究进展[J].中国材料进展,2026,45(08):786-797.[doi:10.7502/j.issn.1674-3962.202503010]
　LI Xudong,LU Zhanqing,PEI Qifei,et al.Research Progress on Preparation and Application of High Purity Zinc[J].MATERIALS CHINA,2026,45(08):786-797.[doi:10.7502/j.issn.1674-3962.202503010]
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高纯锌的制备及应用研究进展()

中国材料进展[ISSN:1674-3962/CN:61-1473/TG]

卷:
45
期数:
2026年08
页码:
786-797
栏目:
出版日期:
2026-08-08

文章信息/Info

Title:
Research Progress on Preparation and Application of High Purity Zinc
文章编号:
1674-3962(2026)08-0786-12
作者:
李旭东; 陆占清; 裴启飞; 夏洪应;  张利波
1. 昆明理工大学冶金与能源工程学院，云南 昆明 6500932.昆明理工大学 云南省特种冶金重点实验室，云南 昆明 6500933.云南驰宏锌锗股份有限公司，云南 曲靖 655011
Author(s):
LI Xudong;  LU Zhanqing;  PEI Qifei;  XIA Hongying;  ZHANG Libo
1. Faculty of Metallurgical and Energy Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China2. Yunnan Key Laboratory of Special Metallurgy, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China)3. Yunnan Chihong Zn & Ge Co, Ltd, Qujing 655011, China
关键词:
高纯锌; 电解精炼; 区域熔炼; 真空蒸馏; 红外光学材料
Keywords:
high purity zinc;  electrolytic refining process;  zone melting method;  vacuum distillation;  infrared optical materials
分类号:
TF804.4；TF804.7；TF804.1
DOI:
10.7502/j.issn.1674-3962.202503010
文献标志码:
A
摘要:
高纯锌（纯度≥99.999%）作为关键基础材料，在微电子、半导体、红外光学及新能源等领域具有不可替代的作用。系统综述了高纯锌的应用进展，重点分析了其在红外光学材料（如ZnSe/ZnS和碲锌镉晶体）中的核心贡献，并梳理了湿法和火法制备高纯锌技术的创新与发展。湿法工艺中，电解精炼法仍是主流，但酸性体系面临杂质共沉积、能耗高等问题，而碱性体系（如Zn(Ⅱ)-NH3-NH4Cl）通过选择性沉积显著提升纯度，为后续火法提纯奠定基础。火法工艺中，真空蒸馏法可有效去除高挥发性杂质，区域熔炼法则通过偏析效应实现低挥发性杂质的深度去除，二者协同可将锌提纯至7N级别。碱性电解体系在初级提纯中更具优势，但需进一步优化工艺参数以降低成本并适应规模化生产。未来高纯锌制备技术将向多工艺协同、高效环保方向发展，以满足高科技领域对超纯材料的迫切需求。
Abstract:
High-purity zinc (with a purity of ≥99.999%) serves as a crucial foundational material in the fields of microelectronics, semiconductor, infrared optics and new energy, holding an irreplaceable position. This paper systematically reviews the development of high-purity zinc applications, with particular emphasis on its core contributions in infrared optical materials such as ZnSe/ZnS and CdZnTe crystals. Additionally, it outlines the innovative advancements and developments in wet process and pyrolytic process techniques for Zn refining. In the wet process, electrolytic refining remains the dominant method, but acidic systems face issues such as co-deposition of impurities and energy consumption. In contrast, alkaline systems (e-g, Zn(Ⅱ)-NH3-NH4Cl) achieve significant purity refining enhancement through selective deposition, thereby laying the foundation for subsequent pyrolytic purification. In the pyrolic process, vacuum distillation effectively removes high-volatility impurities, while regional refining methods utilize phase separation effects to achieve deep removal of low-volatility impurities. The combination of these two approaches enables zinc to be purified to a 7N level. Research indicates that alkaline electrolytic systems have an advantage in primary purification but require further optimization of process parameters to reduce costs and adapt to large-scale production. Future advancements in high-purity zinc production techniques are expected to focus on multiprocess synergy, high-efficiency,and environmentally friendly approaches, meeting the urgent demands for ultra-pure materials in high-tech fields.

备注/Memo

备注/Memo:
收稿日期：2025-03-11修回日期：2025-10-10基金项目：云南省锌资源技术创新中心项目（202405AK340004）；中央引导地方科技发展资金项目（202407AB110022）；云南省“兴滇英才支持计划”产业创新人才项目（云发改人事〔2019〕1096号）；云南省工程研究中心创新能力建设和提升专项项目（云工程研究中心创新能力建设提升202311号）第一作者：李旭东，男，1999年生，硕士研究生通讯作者：裴启飞，男，1983年生，高级工程师，Email：pqf1983@163.com夏洪应，男，1981年生，教授，博士生导师，Email：hyxia81@163.com
更新日期/Last Update: 2026-06-30