舰船用TC4钛合金板材各向异性调控技术研究-中国材料进展

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Title:: Research on Anisotropy Regulation of TC4 Titanium Alloy Plate for Navy Application

文章编号:: 1674-3962(2025)12-1144-09

作者:: 侯智敏; 闫新成; 梁淑华; 康彦; 谢文龙; 李长征; 王煜; 李维; 1. 西安理工大学材料科学与工程学院, 陕西西安 710048 2. 西部钛业有限责任公司，陕西西安 710201

Author(s):: HOU Zhimin; YAN Xincheng; LIANG Shuhua; KANG Yan; XIE Wenlong; LI Changzheng; WANG Yu; LI Wei; 1.Xi’an University of Technology, Xi’an 710048, China 2.Western Titanium Technologies Co., Ltd, Xi’an 710201, China

关键词:: TC4钛合金; 退火热处理; 再结晶; 显微组织; 强塑性匹配

Keywords:: TC4 titanium alloy; annealing heat treatment; recrystallization; microstructure; strengthductility matching

分类号:: TG146.23

DOI:: 10.7502/j.issn.1674-3962.202506010

文献标志码:: A

摘要:: 针对舰船领域对超大规格TC4钛合金板材的发展需求，部分板材只能采用单向轧制的技术路线进行生产，而单向轧制极易产生T织构为主的B/T织构，进而导致严重的各向异性。首先研究950 ℃加热保温条件下，不同单向轧制变形量对组织形貌及力学性能的影响，并进一步研究不同退火温度对TC4钛合金显微组织和力学性能的影响。结果表明：随轧制变形量的增加，TC4钛合金的强度增加，但横、纵向力学性能偏差增加；退火温度对热轧板材显微组织影响显著，热轧态及700 ℃退火态组织主要为变形组织；当退火温度增加至800~850 ℃时，组织发生显著再结晶；900 ℃以上退火时，初生α相含量显著减少，次生α相析出明显。TC4合金δ20 mm板材热轧态抗拉强度最高可达1030 MPa，随着退火温度的升高，因回复及部分再结晶，强度下降，塑性增加。900 ℃退火时，材料强度保持在较高水平，抗拉强度达到1025 MPa，延伸率（16%）和断面收缩率（43%）达到最大值，冲击功为44 J，展现出出色的综合力学性能匹配，显微组织体现弱织构特征。退火温度进一步升高至950 ℃时，初生α相含量大幅减少，组织粗化明显，材料塑性及韧性下降。通过调整退火温度，可以调控组织、织构及强度，从而改善板材各向异性及综合力学性能匹配。

Abstract:: In response to the development requirements for super-large TC4 titanium alloy plates utilized in shipbuilding fields, certain plates can only be fabricated through unidirectional rolling technology. However, this rolling method tends to produce a B/T texture predominantly characterized by T texture, resulting in pronounced anisotropy. This study investigates the influence of unidirectional rolling deformation degrees on the microstructure and mechanical properties of TC4 titanium alloy subjected to heating and holding at 950 ℃. Additionally, the influence of annealing temperatures on the microstructure and mechanical performance is examined. The findings indicate that increasing rolling deformation enhances the material’s strength but also exacerbates the disparity between transverse and longitudinal mechanical properties. After annealing at 700 ℃, the microstructure primarily consists of deformed features. When the annealing temperature is elevated to the range of 800~850 ℃, substantial recrystallization occurs. Further increasing the temperature above 900 ℃ leads to a marked reduction in the primary α phase content and a pronounced precipitation of the secondary α phase. The tensile strength of the hot-rolled TC4 alloy sheet with a thickness of 20 mm can reach up to 1030 MPa. As the annealing temperature rises, strength decreases while ductility improves, attributed to recovery and partial recrystallization processes. Notably, annealing at 900 ℃ makes TC4 alloy have good comprehensive mechanical properties, with tensile strength reaching 1025 MPa, elongation of 16%, and reduction of area of 43%, alongside an impact energy of 44 J, and the microstructure exhibiting weak texture characteristics. However, further increasing the annealing temperature to 950 ℃ significantly diminishes the primary α phase fraction, coarsens the microstructure, and reduces the alloys plasticity and toughness. By modulating the annealing temperature, it is possible to tailor the microstructure, texture type, and strength, thereby mitigating anisotropy and enhancing the overall mechanical performance of the TC4 titanium alloy sheets.

中国材料进展[ISSN:1674-3962/CN:61-1473/TG]

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