静电纺丝制备多孔纳米纤维的研究进展-中国材料进展

文章信息/Info

Author(s):: LIU Zhaowei; TANG Yufei; ZHAO Kang; (School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi’an University of Technology, Xi’an 710048, China)

Keywords:: Electrospinning; nanofibers; porous fibers; pore structure controlled; specific surface area

摘要:: 静电纺丝是一种能够制备连续纳米纤维的简单、方便、高效的方法，在组织工程、药物缓释和催化剂负载等领域广泛应用，近年来该方法制备的表面或内部具有多孔结构的纳米纤维因具有超高的比表面积而备受关注。本文综述了电纺多孔纳米纤维的制备方法和成孔机理，详细讨论了液相分离致孔和固相分离致孔的研究现状和未来发展方向。从纺丝液溶剂性质展开，结合混溶、控温、控湿等实验条件，分析了射流固化速率和溶剂挥发速率的相互作用关系，并提出多手段共用制备孔结构可控的多孔纳米纤维的方法。

Abstract:: Electrospinning is a simple, convenient and efficient technique to fabricate continuous nanofibers, which can be applied to the fields of tissue engineering, drug delivery and catalyst loading widely. In recent years, much attention has been paid to electrospun nano-fibers with porous structure due to their ultrahigh specific surface area. Preparation methods and pore forming mechanism of nano-fibers with porous structure were reviewed. The progress and development trend of nano-fibers with porous structure caused by liquid phase separation and solid phase separation were discussed in detail. The interaction between consolidation rate of jets and evaporation rate of solvents was analyzed based on the solvent properties and the experimental conditions, such as miscibility, temperature and humidity. Methods for preparing pore structure controlled nano-fibers by multi-way were also proposed.