超疏水表面材料的研究与应用-中国材料进展

文章信息/Info

Author(s):: CHEN Jun; WANG Zhenhui; WANG Wei; YI Nan; ZHANG Wang; SHANG Wen; ZHANG Di; DENG Tao; (State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China)

摘要:: 仿生超疏水表面材料具有特殊微纳米结构，因此表现出自清洁、防污染等一系列优异性能。在荷叶、水黾腿、蝴蝶翅膀等自然界中超疏水性组织和器官的启发下，仿生超疏水表面材料的设计和研发的目标不仅在于模仿生物的功能结构，更主要的是制备组分和结构均可调的超疏水表面，从而获得既有疏水自清洁性，同时强度、耐热、耐酸碱等性能又十分优异的新材料。该类材料在国防、工业、农业、医学和日常生活中均有广阔的应用前景。本文从超疏水材料纳米界面的结构出发，分析材料的疏水原理及其制备方法，介绍近几年来该材料的研究进展以及在管道无损运输、房屋建筑和防水等应用领域的探索，并展望其未来的应用方向和前景。

Abstract:: Superhydrophobic surfaces show good performance in selfcleaning and antifouling due to their micro and nano structures. Inspired by the similar structures in nature, such as lotus leaves, water striders，and butterfly wings, the focus of research in superhydrophobic materials is not only to mimic biological structures, but also to generate materials with flexibility in both structural design and material composition. The goal is to develop superhydrophobic materials that are robust and tolerant to high temperature or harsh environment. Such materials have broad applications in national defense, industrial process, agriculture, and health care. This paper will introduce the principle of superhydrophobic material and the synthesis of such materials. Recent research and future application of such materials will also be discussed in the paper.