壳聚糖荷正电纳滤膜的研究进展-中国材料进展

文章信息/Info

Author(s):: LI Hao; GUAN Yipeng; CAO Zhen; The Institute of Seawater Desalination and Multipurpose Utilization, Tianjin 300192, China

摘要:: 目前商业化的纳滤膜多为荷负电，然而在某些特定领域，荷负电膜因污染严重而不能胜任，因此荷正电纳滤膜的研究越来越受到关注和重视。壳聚糖是一种资源丰富、价格低廉的天然高分子化合物，具有良好的成膜性，并且壳聚糖分子链中具有大量氨基，它所形成的纳滤膜带有正电荷，如果能够利用这种材料制备荷正电纳滤膜，在工业上将具有重要意义。目前，壳聚糖荷正电纳滤膜得到了广泛研究。对复合法、界面聚合法、共混法、化学接枝法、等离子体法制备荷正电壳聚糖纳滤膜进行了综述。同时相关应用研究表明，壳聚糖荷正电纳滤膜可以用于单多价离子分离、海水淡化预处理、降低废水硬度等领域，应用前景广阔。最后对壳聚糖荷正电纳滤膜未来的发展趋势进行了展望，通过关键问题的突破，期待壳聚糖荷正电纳滤膜早日实现商业化。

Abstract:: Most of the commercial nanofiltration membrane is generally negatively charged. However, in certain areas, negatively charged nanofiltration membrane can not be employed because of membrane fouling. So positively charged nanofiltration membrane research is given more and more concern and attention. Chitosan, a abundant and low cost natural biopolymer, has good film forming properties. Chitosan nanofiltration membrane is positively charged because of amino groups on chitosan molecular chain. Therefore, the application of chitosan in positively charged nanofiltration membrane will have great significance to the industry. At present, chitosan positively charged nanofiltration membrane has been studied extensively. This paper is to summarize and analyze the preparation in positively charged nanofiltration membrane of chitosan , such as composite method, interfacial polymerization, blending method, graft reaction, plasma method. Research shows that the chitosan nanofiltration membrane can be generally used in selective separation of different electrolytes, seawater desalination pretreatment, the hardness removal of wastewater. Finally, this paper is to forecast its developmental trend. Substantive problem breakthrough is one of the keys whether commercial application of chitosan positively charged nanofiltration membrane can be achieved.