超顺磁性氧化铁纳米粒子在肿瘤靶向诊断治疗中的应用进展<br /><br />-中国材料进展

文章信息/Info

Title:: The Application Progress of SuperParamagnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles in Tumor Targeting Diagnosis and Treatment

Author(s):: SUN Hanwen; ZHANG Yancong; SONG Xinfeng; SUN Chunyan; (College of Medicine and Nursing, Dezhou University，Dezhou 253023,China)

摘要:: 超顺磁性纳米粒子(SPIONs)具有超顺磁性、良好的生物相容性，在肿瘤的诊断和治疗方面有很大潜力。肿瘤细胞表面会特异性的表达某些表面标志物，因此以磁性纳米颗粒为核心的分子探针与肿瘤细胞表面的特异性分子标志物相结合, 可特异性的识别肿瘤并形成磁共振影像。SPIONs经特定的配体修饰，可赋予其组织器官靶向性，通过高渗透性以及外加磁场双效靶向来提高药物在肿瘤部位的生物利用度，从而减少对正常细胞的毒性，提高肿瘤局部的药物浓度。SPIONs具有很高的磁热效应，可通过导热量杀死肿瘤细胞而被用于热疗，热疗较放疗和化疗的副作用小。因此功能化的SPIONs必将成为临床深受欢迎的造影剂和基于MRI的诊断和治疗试剂。总结了SPIONs在肿瘤诊断和治疗方面的应用，同时探讨SPIONs的性质、合成方法和表面修饰。

Abstract:: Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) have shown immense potential to contrast agents for the magnetic resonance imaging diagnosis and cancer theranostics. There are specific expression of some surface markers in the tumor cell surface, so the molecule probe with magnetic nanoparticles as the core with a specific molecular markers on the surface of the tumor cells can identify the tumor and form a magnetic resonance imaging.The surface grafted with various targeting ligands affects the particles tissue distribution and pharmacokinetics. The bioavailability of drug in the tumor site is improved through the high permeability and doubled targeting magnetic field,reducing the toxicity to normal cells and increasing tumor local drug concentration.SPIONs have the very high magnetocaloric effect, which can kill tumor cells by heating, and the side effects are smaller than that of radiotherapy and chemothera.Functionalized SPIONs will become popular negative contrast materials for magnetic resonance imagingbased diagnosis and therapy. This review aims to focus on the ability of SPIONs used in the field of cancer diagnosis and targeting therapy as well as the synthesis,modification and the characteristics of SPIONs.