[1]陈语馨,顾佳俊.过渡金属纳米材料在电催化氮还原中的应用[J].中国材料进展,2022,41(08):617-623.[doi:10.7502/j.issn.1674-3962.202009029]
　CHEN Yuxin,GU Jiajun.Application of Transition Metal Nanomaterials in Electrochemical Reduction of Nitrogen to Ammonia[J].MATERIALS CHINA,2022,41(08):617-623.[doi:10.7502/j.issn.1674-3962.202009029]
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过渡金属纳米材料在电催化氮还原中的应用()
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中国材料进展[ISSN:1674-3962/CN:61-1473/TG]

卷:
41
期数:
2022年第08期
页码:
617-623
栏目:
出版日期:
2022-08-29

文章信息/Info

Title:
Application of Transition Metal Nanomaterials in Electrochemical Reduction of Nitrogen to Ammonia
文章编号:
1674-3962(2022)08-0617-07
作者:
陈语馨; 顾佳俊
（上海交通大学 金属基复合材料国家重点实验室，上海 200240）
Author(s):
CHEN Yuxin;  GU Jiajun
(State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China)
关键词:
电催化; 氮还原反应; 过渡金属; 氨产率; 法拉第效率
Keywords:
electrocatalysis;  nitrogen reduction reaction;  transition metal;  NH3 yield rate;  Faraday efficiency
分类号:
O646；TB333
DOI:
10.7502/j.issn.1674-3962.202009029
文献标志码:
A
摘要:
氨是一种重要的化工原料和新型储能物质，但其传统生产流程能耗巨大，且会排放大量的温室气体CO2。为了使人工产氨绿色化、环保化，电催化氮还原反应（nitrogen reduction reaction，NRR）成为了最具发展前景的人工产氨技术手段之一，但目前氨产率与法拉第效率仍未有较大突破，亟需探索新型催化材料。为了控制催化剂成本，结合已有催化剂电催化性能的表现，过渡金属纳米材料催化剂在当今NRR研发工作中占据越来越高的地位。针对过渡金属纳米材料，从NRR的反应机理（解离式机理、缔合式机理与酶促式机理）出发，结合密度泛函理论（density functional theory，DFT）计算研究成果，综述了过渡金属氧化物、过渡金属氮化物、过渡金属磷化物、过渡金属碳化物、过渡金属硼化物、过渡金属硫化物，以及上述化合物的复合材料在NRR领域的研究进展，并对有利于提升氨产率与法拉第效率的研究策略做了总结，包括催化剂的晶面调控、尺寸与形貌调控、空穴调控、原子掺杂与应力调控等。过渡金属纳米材料面向NRR领域的研究正在持续发展，不断提升氨产率与法拉第效率，为未来NRR的工业化产氮提供了有力支撑。
Abstract:
Ammonia is an important chemical raw material and a new energy storage material. However, Its traditional manufacture process consumes a great amount of energy and emits much greenhouse gas CO2. In order to make the artificial ammonia production environmentally friendly, electrocatalytic nitrogen reduction reaction (NRR) has become one of the most promising technical methods. Since there is still no dramatic breakthrough in NH3 yield rate and Faraday efficiency, it becomes urgent to explore new catalytic materials. As far as both cost control and electrocatalytic performances are concerned, transition metal nanomaterial catalysts are occupying an increasing position in today’s research and development work of NRR. Focusing on transition metal nanomaterials, starting from the NRR mechanism including dissociative mechanism, associative pathway and the enzymatic mechanism, this article summarizes the current NRR performances of transition metal oxides, transition metal nitrides, transition metal phosphides, transition metal carbides, transition metal borides, transition metal sulfides, the composites of above compounds composites, together with relevant density functional theory (DFT) clues. What’s more, a summary of strategies that are conducive to improving the NH3 yield rate and Faraday efficiency is given, involving the adjustment of crystal facet, size and morphology engineering, vacancy engineering, heteroatom doping, and strain engineering. In all, by constantly improving NH3 yield and Faraday efficiency, transition metal nanomaterials are continuously developing in the field of NRR, and providing strong support for the industrialization of ammonia production of NRR in the future.

备注/Memo

备注/Memo:
收稿日期：2020-09-24 修回日期：2020-12-24 基金项目：国家自然科学基金资助项目（51772187）第一作者：陈语馨，女，1996年生，硕士研究生通讯作者：顾佳俊，男，1975年生，教授，博士生导师， Email:gujiajun@sjtu.edu.cn
更新日期/Last Update: 2022-03-29