金属空心球复合材料重力铸造工艺研究-中国材料进展

文章信息/Info

Title:: Investigation on Gravity Casting Process of Metallic Hollow Sphere Composites

作者:: 亓昌; 杨孟欣; 于晨; 崔丽萍; 杨姝; 1．大连理工大学汽车工程学院工业装备结构分析国家重点实验室，辽宁大连 116024 2．大连理工大学宁波研究院，浙江宁波 315016

Author(s):: QI Chang; YANG Mengxin; YU Chen; CUI Liping; YANG Shu; 1.State Key Laboratory of Structural Analysis for Industrial Equipment，School of Automotive Engineering，Dalian University of Technology，Dalian 116024，China 2. Ningbo Research Institute，Dalian University of Technology，Ningbo 315016，China

Keywords:: hollow sphere reinforced composites; gravity casting; mold design; casting process; experimental verification

摘要:: 基于对金属空心球复合材料的结构分析，采用金属型重力铸造法制备金属空心球复合材料。介绍了金属空心球复合材料金属型重力铸造工艺流程，并设计了一种成本低廉、简易成型、且能多次使用的金属型模具，且对金属空心球复合材料进行了实验试制及材料验证。结果表明，采用金属型重力铸造法能够制备出孔壁结构完整且孔洞随机分布的金属空心球复合材料，能实现空心球单一设计与梯度设计；金属空心球复合材料基体与空心球壁组织较为致密，且形成了厚度为25～30 μm的界面层；金属空心球复合材料的应力-应变曲线具有明显的弹性阶段、塑性平台阶段和致密化阶段，且采用空心球梯度设计的金属空心球复合材料相较于空心球单一设计的金属空心球复合材料，其基本力学性能有明显的提升。最后，与传统的闭孔泡沫铝材料进行了对比分析，金属空心球复合材料整体稳定性更高，吸能效果更强。

Abstract:: Based on the structural analysis of metal hollow sphere composites，metal hollow sphere composites were prepared by metal mold gravity casting. The technological process of metal mold gravity casting of metal hollow sphere composite is introduced，and a metal mold with low cost，simple molding and multiple use is designed. The experimental trial production and material verification of metal hollow sphere composite are carried out. The results show that the metal hollow sphere composite with complete pore wall structure and random distribution of pores can be prepared by metal mold gravity casting method, and the single design and gradient design of hollow spheres can be realized；The matrix and hole wall structure of metal hollow sphere composites are relatively dense，and the thickness is about 25～30 μm interface layer；The stress-strain curve of metal hollow sphere composite has obvious elastic stage，plastic plateau stage and densification stage，and the metal hollow sphere composite material designed with hollow sphere gradient has significantly improved its basic mechanical properties compared to the metal hollow sphere composite material designed with a single hollow sphere. Finally，compared with the traditional closed cell aluminum foam，the metal hollow spheres composite has higher overall stability and stronger energy absorption.