人工种植牙材料及表面处理的研究进展-中国材料进展

文章信息/Info

Title:: Research Progress of Dental Implant Materials and Surface Processing

作者:: 姚峥杰1; 杨迪诚2; 李伟1; 朱君1; 2; 吴宁1; 2; （1上海健康医学院，上海 201318）（2纳米技术及应用国家工程研究中心，上海 200241）

Author(s):: YAO Zhengjie1; YANG Dicheng2; LI Wei1; ZHU Jun1; 2; WU Ning1; 2; （1Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Shanghai 201318, China）（2National Engineering Research Center for Nanotechnology, Shanghai 200241, China）

Keywords:: missing teeth; dental implants; materials; physical and chemical modification; coating technology

摘要:: 牙齿缺失是较为常见的口腔问题，牙齿缺失不仅影响患者的面部美观，还将对患者的生理及心理造成较大影响，进而给患者的正常生活、社交、工作等带来不利影响。此外，牙齿的缺失还将影响牙槽骨的功能，降低牙槽骨代谢能力，加快牙槽脊骨质的吸收及改建。人工种植牙因其美观性、稳定性、种植无需打磨邻牙等优势，逐渐成为缺牙修复的首选方式。口腔的实际情况较为复杂，对种植体的抗菌性、生物相容性等方面提出了较高要求，为达到良好临床效果的最终目标，催生出多种种植牙的材料和表面处理加工技术。从种植牙的材料、理化改性和涂层技术3方面进行综述，为研究及临床应用提供参考。

Abstract:: The missing teeth is a common oral problem, which affects the patient’s aesthetics and their physical and psychological status. In addition, the loss of teeth also affect the function of alveolar bone, reduces the ability of alveolar bone metabolism and accelerates the absorption and reconstruction of alveolar ridge. The implant denture can restore the patient’s chewing function and improve the patient’s quality of life, which has been widely used and developed in clinical practice. Therefore, the implant restoration has become one of the effective repair methods for patients with dentition defect and dentition loss. Furthermore, dental implants have become the preferred method for dental restoration because of their aesthetics, stability, and no need to polish adjacent teeth. Because the actual situation of the oral cavity is complicated, there are high requirements for antibacterial ability and biocompatibility of dental implants. In order to achieve the ultimate goal of good clinical results, a variety of dental implant materials and surface processing techniques have been developed. This article summarizes the materials, physical and chemical modification and coating technology of dental implants, and provides reference for later research and clinical application.